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Stone began with the question: what is resilience? Traditionally, it is viewed as a means of bouncing back or returning to a state of normalcy. But Stone 鈥� whose background is in disaster recoveries 鈥� said 鈥測ou can never bounce back. You can only adapt to the changes that have happened because of any given disaster.鈥�

His approach to resiliency borrows from Indigenous knowledge. Seeing resilience from a more ecological standpoint, he referred to it as the ability of a system to maintain basic functions even in the face of change, and how different species contribute to different functions. Similarly, a community relies on 鈥渒eystone鈥� elements that support critical functions within our society to remain resilient.

For Stone, 鈥渢hese functions and resilience are intricately related to income inequality, gentrification and the opioid crisis. If we鈥檙e losing parts of our population or certain businesses, it threatens the resilience of neighbourhoods. It threatens the resilience of communities.鈥�

During the pandemic, many retail businesses in the food, home and safety sectors were considered 鈥渆ssential.鈥� However, a lot of stores deemed as 鈥渘on-essential鈥� have suffered economic losses and closures under COVID-19 restrictions.

Stone emphasized that while these restrictions are valid, there are key functions that 鈥渘on-essential鈥� retail businesses provide in keeping cities like Vancouver resilient, particularly in their role of developing art and culture.

For example, , a store in Vancouver鈥檚 Sunset neighbourhood, has served multiple generations of communities. They work hard to incorporate fashion trends and fabrics from India that may otherwise not be available to the Indo-Canadian community.

Stone also highlighted businesses like ,  and , that showcase the work of local artists and designers. Their connection to retail goes beyond just selling. They also provide entrepreneurial skills and opportunities for students and up-and-coming artists to understand the business side of the industry, develop their craft, and build connections and networks in design communities.

Stone also brought a new perspective to the 鈥渆ssentiality鈥� of food businesses. With the increasing gentrification of neighbourhoods like Chinatown, he highlighted restaurants such as  and  that not only provide food, but also 鈥渃ontribute to the invigoration and reinvigoration of culture and place.鈥�

To save retail, Stone suggested:

• Supporting local businesses
  鈥淚f we just did a ten percent shift to local businesses, we would create 14,000 new jobs in BC and another $4.3 billion dollars for the economy. We don鈥檛 have to cut out online ordering or going to major chains, but if we can have less Amazon in our lives and more Buy Local programs and more public procurement policies that municipalities are buying locally, we could really improve the resilience and longevity of local businesses.鈥�
• Identifying keystone businesses and strengthening them
  鈥淲e can work with our neighbourhoods and small communities and map out these important businesses and specifically work with them to develop business continuity plans and to get extra support so that we don鈥檛 lose them in a time of disaster.鈥�
• Economic resilience planning
  鈥淰ery few 鈥� if any 鈥� municipalities across Canada have specific economic resilience plans that can be applied to any hazard. The Kootenays economic resilience planning is something that can be done in the Lower Mainland 鈥� or anywhere, but we need the political will to do so.鈥�

Concluding his lecture, Stone emphasized that local planning is essential. 鈥淲e all have a role to play 鈥� residents, organizations, and municipalities. But we need to be working together to plan for it.鈥�

Further, he acknowledged that while the discussion has been largely centered around resilience planning, there are communities 鈥� particularly those that are marginalized 鈥� who have been resilient. 

鈥淭hese communities are strong communities,and yet we haven鈥檛 championed that by giving them the adequate resources and changing the policies to allow them to use all of that built-in resilience, strength and determination to succeed.鈥�

The conversation continued

A Q&A portion followed, moderated by Joy Johnson, where the conversation continued around the role of universities in all of this, city local procurement, the contradictions in local economic resilience and global economic and trade systems, sustainability concerns add more.