丁香园AV

Examine and review today's global economy through critical analysis of differing perspectives. Develop and improve critical thinking and communication skills appropriate to the business environment. Prerequisite: BUS 201 and 15 units; OR 45 units and corequisite: BUS 202; OR Business Administration joint major, joint honours, or double degree students with 45 units; OR Data Science majors with 15 units. Writing.

Introduces students to the knowledge and skills necessary to make full use of business information systems. Demonstrates how information systems are used by organizations to improve productivity and create competitive advantage. Provides hands on training in productivity tools including Excel, Visio, Access and Web design tools. Prerequisite: 12 units. Students with credit for BUS 337 and COMM 337 may not take this course for further credit.

An introduction to financial accounting, including accounting terminology, understanding financial statements, analysis of a business entity using financial statements. Includes also time value of money and a critical review of the conventional accounting system. Prerequisite: 12 units. Quantitative.

Theory and methods of cost compilation for managerial planning, control and decision making; the use of budgets and analysis in planning and controlling operations, establishing supervisory and departmental responsibility, and various techniques of measuring results. Prerequisite: BUS 251; 15 units. Students with credit for BUS 324, BUS 328, or COMM 324 may not take BUS 254 for further credit. Quantitative.

Theories, concepts and issues in the field of organizational behavior with an emphasis on individual and team processes. Core topics include employee motivation and performance, stress management, communication, work perceptions and attitudes, decision-making, team dynamics, employee involvement and conflict management. Prerequisite: 12 units.

The principal elements of theory concerning utility and value, price and costs, factor analysis, productivity, labor organization, competition and monopoly, and the theory of the firm. Students with credit for ECON 200 cannot take ECON 103 for further credit. Quantitative/Breadth-Soc.

The principal elements of theory concerning money and income, distribution, social accounts, public finance, international trade, comparative systems, and development and growth. Students with credit for ECON 205 cannot take ECON 105 for further credit. Quantitative/Breadth-Soc.

An introduction to business statistics with a heavy emphasis on applications and the use of EXCEL. Students will be required to use statistical applications to solve business problems. Prerequisite: MATH 150, MATH 151, MATH 154, or MATH 157; 15 units. MATH 150, MATH 151, MATH 154, or MATH 157 may be taken concurrently with BUEC 232. Quantitative.

Basic laws of probability, sample distributions. Introduction to statistical inference and applications. Prerequisite: or Corequisite: MATH 152 or 155 or 158. Students wishing an intuitive appreciation of a broad range of statistical strategies may wish to take STAT 100 first. Quantitative.

Designed for students specializing in mathematics, physics, chemistry, computing science and engineering. Topics as for Math 151 with a more extensive review of functions, their properties and their graphs. Recommended for students with no previous knowledge of Calculus. In addition to regularly scheduled lectures, students enrolled in this course are encouraged to come for assistance to the Calculus Workshop (Burnaby), or Math Open Lab (Surrey). Prerequisite: Pre-Calculus 12 (or equivalent) with a grade of at least B+, or MATH 100 with a grade of at least B-, or achieving a satisfactory grade on the 丁香园AV Calculus Readiness Test. Students with credit for either MATH 151, 154 or 157 may not take MATH 150 for further credit. Quantitative.

Designed for students specializing in mathematics, physics, chemistry, computing science and engineering. Logarithmic and exponential functions, trigonometric functions, inverse functions. Limits, continuity, and derivatives. Techniques of differentiation, including logarithmic and implicit differentiation. The Mean Value Theorem. Applications of differentiation including extrema, curve sketching, Newton's method. Introduction to modeling with differential equations. Polar coordinates, parametric curves. Prerequisite: Pre-Calculus 12 (or equivalent) with a grade of at least A, or MATH 100 with a grade of at least B, or achieving a satisfactory grade on the 丁香园AV Calculus Readiness Test. Students with credit for either MATH 150, 154 or 157 may not take MATH 151 for further credit. Quantitative.

Designed for students specializing in the biological and medical sciences. Topics include: limits, growth rate and the derivative; elementary functions, optimization and approximation methods, and their applications; mathematical models of biological processes. Prerequisite: Pre-Calculus 12 (or equivalent) with a grade of at least B, or MATH 100 with a grade of at least C, or achieving a satisfactory grade on the 丁香园AV Calculus Readiness Test. Students with credit for either MATH 150, 151 or 157 may not take MATH 154 for further credit. Quantitative.

Designed for students specializing in business or the social sciences. Topics include: limits, growth rate and the derivative; logarithmic, exponential and trigonometric functions and their application to business, economics, optimization and approximation methods; introduction to functions of several variables with emphasis on partial derivatives and extrema. Prerequisite: Pre-Calculus 12 (or equivalent) with a grade of at least B, or MATH 100 with a grade of at least C, or achieving a satisfactory grade on the 丁香园AV Calculus Readiness Test. Students with credit for either MATH 150, 151 or 154 may not take MATH 157 for further credit. Quantitative.

Examines literary 鈥渃lassics鈥�, variously defined, apprehending them both on their own terms and within larger critical conversations. May incorporate the comparative study of work in related artistic fields and engage relevant media trends. Includes attention to writing skills. Students with credit for ENGL 101W may not take this course for further credit. Writing/Breadth-Humanities.

Introduces students to contemporary works of literature in English and/or contemporary approaches to interpreting literature. May focus on one or multiple genres. Includes attention to writing skills. Writing/Breadth-Humanities.

Introduces students to plays and performance works created and adapted for the stage, and/or the performative dimensions of other literary forms. May be organized historically, generically or thematically. The course may also explore the links between literary and performance theory. Includes attention to writing skills. Students with credit for ENGL 103W may not take this course for further credit. Writing/Breadth-Humanities.

Introduces students to the relationships between writing and purpose, between the features of texts and their meaning and effects. May focus on one or more literary or non-literary genres, including (but not limited to) essays, oratory, autobiography, poetry, and journalism. Includes attention to writing skills. Students with credit for ENGL 104W may not take this course for further credit. Writing/Breadth-Humanities.

An Introduction to the study of literature within the wider cultural field, with a focus on contemporary issues across genres and media. Students with credit for ENGL 105W may not take this course for further credit. Writing/Breadth-Humanities.

An introduction to reading and writing from a rhetorical perspective. The course treats reading and writing as activities that take place in particular circumstances and situations, in contrast to the traditional emphasis on decontextualized, formal features of texts. It prepares students for reading and writing challenges they are likely to encounter within and beyond the classroom. Prerequisite: 12 units. Students with credit for ENGL 199 may not take this course for further credit. Writing.

An introduction to some of the central problems of philosophy. Topics to be discussed include the different theories of reality; the nature and sources of knowledge, truth, evidence, and reason; the justification of belief and knowledge about the universe. These topics and problems will be considered as they arise in the context of issues such as: relativism versus absolutism; the existence of God; personal identity; the nature of the mind and its relation to the body; free will and determinism; the possibility of moral knowledge. Open to all students. Students with credit for PHIL 100 may not take this course for further credit. Writing/Breadth-Humanities.

An introduction to the evaluation of arguments as they are encountered in everyday life. The central aim will be to sharpen skills of reasoning and argumentation by understanding how arguments work and learning to distinguish those which actually prove what they set out to show from those which do not. Open to all students. Student with credit for PHIL XX1 may not take this course for further credit. Q/Breadth-Social Sci/Sciences.

A critical examination of a range of questions and problems we confront as moral agents, such as: the nature and scope of our moral responsibilities, the source of our moral and civil rights, and the role of moral emotions, like resentment, love and forgiveness. Students with credit for PHIL 120 may not take this course for further credit. Writing/Breadth-Humanities.

Explores literary texts from diverse linguistic and cultural origins while introducing students to the fundamentals of comparative literary analysis and critical writing. May examine cross-cultural interactions, or compare texts thematically. Writing/Breadth-Humanities.

Introduces ways of comparing early world literatures across time and space. May explore fundamental themes such as love, heroism, or the underworld. Writing/Breadth-Humanities.

Introduces ways of comparing modern world literatures across time and space. May explore topics such as revolution, technology, or existentialism. Writing/Breadth-Humanities.

The principal elements of theory concerning utility and value, price and costs, factor analysis, productivity, labor organization, competition and monopoly, and the theory of the firm. Students with credit for ECON 200 cannot take ECON 103 for further credit. Quantitative/Breadth-Soc.

The principal elements of theory concerning money and income, distribution, social accounts, public finance, international trade, comparative systems, and development and growth. Students with credit for ECON 205 cannot take ECON 105 for further credit. Quantitative/Breadth-Soc.

Aspects of microeconomic theory involving competitive markets. Topics include the behavior of households and firms, partial equilibrium analysis of product and factor markets, and general equilibrium. Prerequisite: ECON 103 and 105; MATH 157. Students with credit for ECON 301 may not complete this course for further credit. Quantitative.

Designed for students specializing in business or the social sciences. Topics include: limits, growth rate and the derivative; logarithmic, exponential and trigonometric functions and their application to business, economics, optimization and approximation methods; introduction to functions of several variables with emphasis on partial derivatives and extrema. Prerequisite: Pre-Calculus 12 (or equivalent) with a grade of at least B, or MATH 100 with a grade of at least C, or achieving a satisfactory grade on the 丁香园AV Calculus Readiness Test. Students with credit for either MATH 150, 151 or 154 may not take MATH 157 for further credit. Quantitative.

An introduction to business statistics with a heavy emphasis on applications and the use of EXCEL. Students will be required to use statistical applications to solve business problems. Prerequisite: MATH 150, MATH 151, MATH 154, or MATH 157; 15 units. MATH 150, MATH 151, MATH 154, or MATH 157 may be taken concurrently with BUEC 232. Quantitative.

This course examines and reviews contemporary thinking on the changing role of business and business persons in the operations of society, particularly Canadian society. The course explores the changing legal, ethical and regulatory environments of business focusing on the critical alignments -- values, policies, technology and legal approaches -- between the modern organization and its broader public. Prerequisite: 45 units. Students with credit for BUS 103, COMM 103, or COMM 303 may not take this course for further credit.

Role and function of financial managers, financial analysis, compound interest valuation and capital budgeting, management of current assets, introduction to financial instruments and institutions. Prerequisite: BUS 254 (or 324); 45 units. Recommended: BUS 207, ECON 201, or ECON 301. Quantitative.

This course is an extension of BUEC 232. It develops and applies the quantitative models that are most directly relevant to business decisions. Beginning with material on multiple regression and forecasting modeling, the course moves on to decision analysis, business simulation, quality control, and an introduction to optimization. Prerequisite: MATH 150, MATH 151, MATH 154, or 157; BUEC 232 or STAT 270; 45 units. Quantitative.

The environment of marketing; relation of social sciences to marketing; evaluation of marketing theory and research; assessment of demand, consumer behavior analysis; market institutions; method and mechanics of distribution in domestic, foreign and overseas markets; sales organization; advertising; new product development, publicity and promotion; marketing programs. Prerequisite: 45 units. Students with credit for COMM 343 may not take this course for further credit.

Common law, equity, and statute law; contracts, agency, and negotiable instruments; partnership and corporation law; international commercial law. Prerequisite: 45 units. BUEC 391 is not to be taken concurrently with BUS 393. Students with credit for COMM 393 may not take this course for further credit.

Integration of the various areas of business for the purpose of analysing and recommending strategies for planning and decision-making within the firm and a defined environment. Prerequisite: BUS 207 (or ECON 201 or ECON 301), BUS 312, 343, 360W and either BUS 374 or 381; 90 units.

This course will examine theories of organization which use the organization as a basic unit of analysis. It will show how the structure and internal processes of an organization are linked to and partially determined by forces in the external environment of the organization. Contextual factors such as the technology and corporate strategy of the organization will also be examined. Prerequisite: 45 units; BUS 272 (or 372).

Subjects include human resource planning, job analysis and design, recruitment, employment equity, selection and placement, performance appraisal, compensation and benefits, training and development, occupational health and safety, and industrial relations. For each subject an overview of current Canadian issues and practices is presented. Prerequisite: BUS 272 (or 372); 45 units.

In-depth coverage of the accounting methods, problems and limitations associated with assets. Alternative valuation bases will be emphasized and illustrated together with the impact on income. Integration of theory and practice in relation to the treatment of assets. Prerequisite: BUS 254; 45 units. Students with credit for COMM 320 may not take this course for further credit. Quantitative.

In-depth coverage of accounting, methods, problems, and limitations, associated with liabilities and owners' equity. Prerequisite: BUS 320; 45 units. Students with credit for COMM 321 may not take this course for further credit. Quantitative.

In-depth examination of important managerial accounting topics introduced in BUS 254 (e.g., transfer pricing, variance analysis) and more advanced topics (e.g., decision making under uncertainty, the value of information), focusing on providing the tools and techniques needed for the generation, analysis and dissemination of management accounting information necessary for making strategic business decisions. The course will also introduce and develop the case approach in order to prepare students for BUS 424. Prerequisite: BUS 254, 45 units.

Consideration of methods by which accounting theory is developed and examination of specific models including historical costs, replacement costs, resale price and price level adjustment models. Prerequisite: BUS 207 (or ECON 201 or ECON 301), BUS 321, BUS 360W, and 60 units.

In-depth coverage of advanced accounting topics, specifically issues relating to business combinations and foreign currency. An introduction to the unique aspects and issues of accounting for not-for-profit organizations will be provided. Consideration is also given to the interpretation and analysis of financial statements. Prerequisite: BUS 321, 360W; 60 units.

Process costing; joint and by-product costing; inventory planning and control; cost accounting and statistical methods, relationship to operations research. Prerequisite: BUS 322 or 319, 336, 360W; 60 units.

A study of the conceptual foundations and the nature and purpose of the external audit function. The course will also discuss some of the more recent developments in auditing such as comprehensive auditing, computer auditing, and the use of statistical methodology in auditing. Prerequisite: BUS 321, 360W and 60 units.

Financial statement analysis using financial information as part of the decision making process. The focus will be on the use of financial information to assess and value equity securities. Prerequisite: BUS 312, 360W; 60 units. Corequisite: BUS 321.

This course combines forensic accounting with data analytics. Students explore common fraud schemes, and learn how to identify and investigate them. Students then apply data analytic methods to explore fraud in an accounting case, and communicate their findings to practicing forensic accountants who provide real-world guidance and feedback. Prerequisite: BUS 360W, 60 units. Corequisite: BUS 426.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: Will vary according to topic. BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: Will vary according to topic. BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

Start-up and early-stage ventures have particular financial challenges associated with the uncertain and unproven nature of the project. This course analyzes how entrepreneurs and their financial backers can spot, create and manage value. Topics covered include opportunity recognition, cash flow forecasting, valuation methodologies, financial contracts, and careful negotiations. Various sources are considered for start-up capital (private debt, angel financiers, venture capitalists, development banks), and different strategies are considered for harvesting or exiting (initial public offerings, merger, acquisition, leveraged buy-out, shut down) a venture. Prerequisite: BUS 238 or BUS 254; 45 units.

An introduction to the theory and practice of the management of technological innovation. The external environment for technological innovation is examined through investigation of national and regional systems of innovation. The internal firm capabilities for creating and sustaining innovative firms are explored in detail, from the creation of ideas through to the commercialization of new products and services. Proficiency is gained in identifying sources of innovative value, implementing processes to capture it, and creating strategies for commercialization. Prerequisite: BUS 238 or BUS 254; 45 units.

Introduction to the hard and soft skills of project management. Management software and techniques such as work breakdown, estimation, budgeting and status reporting are used. Applies structured processes and develops team-based skills and knowledge. Assumes no prior computing or technical knowledge. Prerequisite: 45 units.

This experiential course will expose students to the planning and development process of creating a startup. Emphasis is placed on integrating and applying all of the foundational skills acquired in previous entrepreneurship and innovation classes in a real world setting. Prerequisite: BUS 338, BUS 360W (or another upper division Writing (W) course); 60 units. Recommended: BUS 314, BUS 361.

Students work in small teams to rapidly and repeatedly conceive a new business, produce its first prototype product or service and test that product or service with potential business customers. Through several such iterations, students learn practical business planning, the importance of people, context and technology and effective teamwork skills. Prerequisite: BUS 238, IAT 330, 45 units; or permission from the instructor.

Entrepreneurial ideas undergo a transition from being a concept within a classroom to being able to survive as a commercially viable enterprise. Intensive coaching and mentoring through sector-specific mentors and organizations will provide students with experience in market validation, pitching and business planning as ventures move to incubators, accelerators, or sustainable operations. Prerequisite: Instructor permission; 60 units; BUS 360W (or successful completion of an upper division Writing (W) course). Students with credit for a Selected Topics in Business Administration, when offered as New Venture Accelerator, may not complete this course for further credit.

Understand how to develop and launch new products that will be successful with customers. Students will learn to: identify product/service opportunities; generate and evaluate concepts; develop concepts into products; launch new products. Prerequisite: BUS 360W (or another upper division Writing (W) course), 343; 60 units.

Develops abilities to monitor social, cultural, commercial, political and technical developments to forecast and assess emerging technologies. Forecasting methods including expert opinion, trend analysis and scenario construction will be discussed. Selected emerging technologies will be examined through invited speakers and videos. Prerequisite: BUS 360W (or another upper division Writing (W) course); 60 units. Recommended: BUS 338.

Challenges associated with continuing innovation are examined and students work to generate innovative solutions by challenging existing economic models. Students learn about sustainable opportunity, recognition, and screening, and understand how great ideas to 'save the plant' can get off the ground. Prerequisite: BUS 360W (or another upper division Writing (W) course); 60units. Recommended: BUS 338. Students with credit for BUS 494 when offered as Sustainable Innovation may not complete this course for further credit.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: Will vary according to topic. BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: Will vary according to topic. BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

Role and function of financial managers, financial analysis, compound interest valuation and capital budgeting, management of current assets, introduction to financial instruments and institutions. Prerequisite: BUS 254 (or 324); 45 units. Recommended: BUS 207, ECON 201, or ECON 301. Quantitative.

Investments from an individual and institutional point of view. Topics include: bond valuation and the term structure of interest rates, stock valuation, portfolio theory, asset pricing models, efficient markets and portfolio performance evaluation. Prerequisite: BUS 312, BUS 336 and BUS 207 or ECON 201 or ECON 301; 45 units. Quantitative.

The role derivative securities, mainly options and futures contracts, in controlling risk and enhancing profit opportunities. Valuation of derivative securities. The organization of options and futures markets and the mechanics of trading. Prerequisite: BUS 312, 336; 45 units. Quantitative.

An examination of financial institutions and the markets in which they operate. Topics may include: institutional structure, financial contract forms, valuation and pricing relationships, financial intermediation, financial transacting, the regulatory environment, risk measurement and hedging strategies. Prerequisite: BUS 315, 316, 360W; 60 units.

Corporate decisions in the context of financial markets. Topics include: real asset investments, financing alternatives, dividend policy, working capital management, and corporate securities valuation. Prerequisite: BUS 315, 316, 360W; 60 units.

This course provides a broad overview of the real estate field. We will investigate all aspects of real estate investment decisions, including property valuation and management, financing choices, and market cycles. The main goal of the course is to offer you a foundation for a career in the real estate industry. Prerequisite: BUS 315, BUS 360W, 60 units. Students with credit for BUS 490, 491, 492, 493, 494, or 495 when offered as Real Estate Finance may not take this course for further credit.

Explores how investment selections can be used to form different portfolios, how to assess the ex-ante risk of those portfolios, and how to analyze portfolio performance. There will be a strong emphasis on ethics, development of investment policy, and integration of environmental, social, and governance in portfolio management. Prerequisite: BUS 318, BUS 360W, 60 units. Students who have taken BUS 493 when the subject of the course was Portfolio Management may not take this course for further credit.

This course covers the historical, theoretical and practical issues involved in the market valuation of securities. Three general areas are studied: valuation of fixed income securities; valuation of equity securities; and topics in portfolio management. Prerequisite: BUS 315, 360W; 60 units. Recommended: BUS 221. Students who have taken BUS 492 under the topic Security Analysis may not take BUS 417 for further credit.

An introduction to international financial markets and institutions and to the management of assets and liabilities in an international/multinational setting. Topics to be covered include: exchange rate determination and management of foreign exchange risk; interest rate swaps; international portfolio management; comparative markets; and country risk. Prerequisite: BUS 315, 316, 360W; 60 units.

This is a second course in derivative securities. Topics may include: extensions of the Black-Scholes model, pricing of American options, interest rate derivatives, complex derivatives and real options. Prerequisite: BUS 315, 316, 360W; 60 units. Students who have taken BUS 493 under the topic Advanced Derivative Securities may not take BUS 419 for further credit.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: Will vary according to topic. BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: Will vary according to topic. BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

This course will examine theories of organization which use the organization as a basic unit of analysis. It will show how the structure and internal processes of an organization are linked to and partially determined by forces in the external environment of the organization. Contextual factors such as the technology and corporate strategy of the organization will also be examined. Prerequisite: 45 units; BUS 272 (or 372).

Subjects include human resource planning, job analysis and design, recruitment, employment equity, selection and placement, performance appraisal, compensation and benefits, training and development, occupational health and safety, and industrial relations. For each subject an overview of current Canadian issues and practices is presented. Prerequisite: BUS 272 (or 372); 45 units.

Significance of multinational complexity and diversity (cultural, economic, demographic, etc.) to the human resource function. Interplay among human resource functions (employee procurement, allocation, utilization), types of employees, and countries of operation. Prerequisite: BUS 360W and one of BUS 272 or 381; 60 units. Recommended: BUS 346.

Design and administration of recruiting and selections mechanisms. Analysis of procedures and skills that are used to translate strategic objectives into staffing decisions. How these mechanisms are affected by internal and external factors such as person-organization fit, labor markets, government legislation and technology. Prerequisite: BUS 381 and 360W; 60 units.

The design and implementation of performance management systems. How these systems articulate organizational mission, strategy and goals, provide organizational and individual standards, and integrate systems and procedures within the context of organizational culture and practices. Prerequisite: 60 units; BUS 272, 381 and 360W.

Provides a solid foundation for students in understanding the legal obligations, statutes, and limitations within provincial legislation that govern employment relationships in non-union contexts. Additionally, will explore the legal aspects of matters of particular importance for managers faced with human resource policy decisions. Prerequisite: BUS 393, BUS 360W and 60 units.

Examination of the day-to-day administration of various employment systems in both unionized and non-unionized settings. Employment systems have implications for how conflicts between employee and employer interests are resolved, for the attainment of due process in the workplace, and for the flexibility and efficiency of work organization. Characteristics and outcomes of various employment systems will be examined. Prerequisite: BUS 381 and 360W; 60 units.

Negotiation is the art and science of securing agreements between two or more parties that are interdependent and who are seeking to maximize their outcomes. The purpose of this course is to understand the theory and processes of negotiation as it is practiced in a variety of settings. The course will allow participants the opportunity to develop these skills experientially and to understand negotiation in useful analytical frameworks. Prerequisite: BUS 272, 360W, and either 374 or 381; 60 units. Students with credit for BUEC 485 may not take BUS 485 for further credit.

Addresses theoretical foundation and research associated with leadership, including a critical assessment of what leaders do. Issues such as gender and leadership, leadership ethics, and culture and leadership will be examined. Prerequisite: BUS 272, 360W, and either 374 or 381; 60 units. Students who have taken BUS 490-495 under this topic may not take this course for further credit.

Theories and methods of planned change in organizations with an emphasis on the psychological, cultural and structural issues of implementing change. Prerequisite: BUS 360W, BUS 374 or 381; 60 units.

Interpersonal and group behavior in organizational contexts, including group development, team building, interpersonal communications, interpersonal conflict, group problem-solving and decision-making. Prerequisite: BUS 360W, BUS 374 or 381; 60 units.

Businesses are realigning and in some cases, reinventing their organizations toward more sustainable business models. Management systems and initiatives will be examined that enable organizations to reduce their firms' negative environmental and social impacts while, in many cases, increasing profits and competitive advantage. Prerequisite: BUS 360W and 374; 60 units. Students who have taken BUS 457 cannot take this course for further credit.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: Will vary according to topic. BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: Will vary according to topic. BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

Significance of multinational complexity and diversity (cultural, economic, demographic, etc.) to the human resource function. Interplay among human resource functions (employee procurement, allocation, utilization), types of employees, and countries of operation. Prerequisite: BUS 360W and one of BUS 272 or 381; 60 units. Recommended: BUS 346.

Design and administration of recruiting and selections mechanisms. Analysis of procedures and skills that are used to translate strategic objectives into staffing decisions. How these mechanisms are affected by internal and external factors such as person-organization fit, labor markets, government legislation and technology. Prerequisite: BUS 381 and 360W; 60 units.

The design and implementation of performance management systems. How these systems articulate organizational mission, strategy and goals, provide organizational and individual standards, and integrate systems and procedures within the context of organizational culture and practices. Prerequisite: 60 units; BUS 272, 381 and 360W.

Examination of the day-to-day administration of various employment systems in both unionized and non-unionized settings. Employment systems have implications for how conflicts between employee and employer interests are resolved, for the attainment of due process in the workplace, and for the flexibility and efficiency of work organization. Characteristics and outcomes of various employment systems will be examined. Prerequisite: BUS 381 and 360W; 60 units.

Negotiation is the art and science of securing agreements between two or more parties that are interdependent and who are seeking to maximize their outcomes. The purpose of this course is to understand the theory and processes of negotiation as it is practiced in a variety of settings. The course will allow participants the opportunity to develop these skills experientially and to understand negotiation in useful analytical frameworks. Prerequisite: BUS 272, 360W, and either 374 or 381; 60 units. Students with credit for BUEC 485 may not take BUS 485 for further credit.

Addresses theoretical foundation and research associated with leadership, including a critical assessment of what leaders do. Issues such as gender and leadership, leadership ethics, and culture and leadership will be examined. Prerequisite: BUS 272, 360W, and either 374 or 381; 60 units. Students who have taken BUS 490-495 under this topic may not take this course for further credit.

Theories and methods of planned change in organizations with an emphasis on the psychological, cultural and structural issues of implementing change. Prerequisite: BUS 360W, BUS 374 or 381; 60 units.

Interpersonal and group behavior in organizational contexts, including group development, team building, interpersonal communications, interpersonal conflict, group problem-solving and decision-making. Prerequisite: BUS 360W, BUS 374 or 381; 60 units.

Businesses are realigning and in some cases, reinventing their organizations toward more sustainable business models. Management systems and initiatives will be examined that enable organizations to reduce their firms' negative environmental and social impacts while, in many cases, increasing profits and competitive advantage. Prerequisite: BUS 360W and 374; 60 units. Students who have taken BUS 457 cannot take this course for further credit.

Introduction to the hard and soft skills of project management. Management software and techniques such as work breakdown, estimation, budgeting and status reporting are used. Applies structured processes and develops team-based skills and knowledge. Assumes no prior computing or technical knowledge. Prerequisite: 45 units.

Prepares students to model, analyze and propose improvements to business processes. In the major project, students analyze a process within an organization and use current techniques and tools to propose changes and a supporting information system. Prerequisite: BUS 237; 45 units; OR Data Science majors with 45 units. Students with credit for BUS 394 may not take this course for further credit.

Focuses both on current issues (e.g. build/buy, outsourcing, alignment) and emerging issues (e.g. social networking, utility computing, knowledge management and privacy) in obtaining value from information technology. Prerequisite: BUS 237, 360W; 90 units. Recommended: BUS 362.

Utilizes technology to support analysis and decision making abilities by identifying, analyzing and effectively reporting important business information. Concepts of data warehousing, data mining and visualizing data are introduced. A variety of software applications are used to demonstrate tools and techniques that support analysis and decision making for managers. Prerequisite: BUS 336, 360W; 60 units. Corequisite: BUS 336 can be taken concurrently.

Focuses on the design and use of integrated database management systems in organizations. Students create data models for capturing and storing data from business operations, organizing it for deriving business intelligence, aggregating and visualizing the information for decision-making. Structured query language is primarily used for all the above data management activities. Prerequisite: BUS 360W, 362; 60 units.

This course will focus on the practical application of business technology management knowledge and skills to develop business systems. Students will learn how to apply knowledge from prior MIS courses and develop applications for Internet-enabled businesses. The students targeted are primarily Beedie MIS students who have preferably taken BUS 362 & BUS 464, in which they conceptualize the data and functional requirements for business software. The course will thus deepen skills in process logic, data management, and user interface design in business domains. Prerequisite: BUS 360W. Recommended: BUS 362, BUS 464, CMPT 354. Students with credit for BUS 492 (Summer 2017) may not take this course for further credit.

Explores strategic issues and technologies in contemporary web-based business, from the evolution of business applications on the Internet through to contemporary Open Source and Web 2.0 applications. In depth exploration of new technology and business applications related to these technologies. Prerequisite: BUS 237, 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: Will vary according to topic. BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: Will vary according to topic. BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

Study of international environment and its impact on business behavior: cultural, social, economic and institutional factors; major functions of international business; export and import trade, foreign investment, production and marketing operations; theoretical principles, government policies, business practices. Prerequisite: 45 units. Students with credit for COMM 346 or COMM 446 may not take this course for further credit.

An introduction to international financial markets and institutions and to the management of assets and liabilities in an international/multinational setting. Topics to be covered include: exchange rate determination and management of foreign exchange risk; interest rate swaps; international portfolio management; comparative markets; and country risk. Prerequisite: BUS 315, 316, 360W; 60 units.

Examines the major similarities and differences in management systems and practices in a variety of countries, including western Europe, East Asia, Middle East, and Latin America. Topics include the following: comparative management frameworks, managing cultural differences, cross-cultural business negotiations, and international human resource management. Prerequisite: 360W; 60 units. Recommended: BUS 346.

This course examines the opportunities and challenges of doing business with the Pacific Rim countries such as China, Japan and Korea. Topics include the following: the political and economic systems as they affect foreign investment; social and cultural systems as they affect management practices; the conduct of business negotiations for market entry; and marketing strategies. Prerequisite: BUS 360W and one of BUS 430 or 432; 60 units. Recommended: BUS 346.

Significance of multinational complexity and diversity (cultural, economic, demographic, etc.) to the human resource function. Interplay among human resource functions (employee procurement, allocation, utilization), types of employees, and countries of operation. Prerequisite: BUS 360W and one of BUS 272 or 381; 60 units. Recommended: BUS 346.

Examines various topics related to a firm's entry into international markets and the means of sustaining a formidable presence vis-a-vis competitors in foreign markets. Begins with an overview of the historical evolution of the globalization process, the internationalization process of individual firms, challenges that internationalizing firms face in terms of differences in culture and political risk among various host markets entered, and models of multinational companies, and then builds on this background in providing an overview and in-depth coverage of important entry modes such as licensing/franchising, JVs/alliances, acquisitions/mergers with specific focus on managing these modes of entry in an international setting. Prerequisite: BUS 360W; 60 units. Recommended: BUS 346. Students who have taken BUS 492 (Topic: Foreign Market Entry) may not take this course for further credit.

Strategic requirements for the management of multinational corporations. Firm-specific and institutional challenges facing global managers in formulating and implementing profitable strategies. Prerequisite: BUS 360W and one of BUS 430 or 432; 60 units. Recommended: BUS 346.

The marketing of goods and services in an international context, with emphasis on Pacific Rim countries. Theoretical concepts, environmental influences. Researching and forecasting international markets. The management of international marketing. Prerequisite: BUS 343, 360W; 60 units. Recommended: BUS 346.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: Will vary according to topic. BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: Will vary according to topic. BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

This course is an extension of BUEC 232. It develops and applies the quantitative models that are most directly relevant to business decisions. Beginning with material on multiple regression and forecasting modeling, the course moves on to decision analysis, business simulation, quality control, and an introduction to optimization. Prerequisite: MATH 150, MATH 151, MATH 154, or 157; BUEC 232 or STAT 270; 45 units. Quantitative.

The management of operating systems including allocation and scheduling of resources; control of costs, inventories, quality, and manpower; design of operating systems including location, layout and manpower; establishment of work methods and standards. Prerequisite: BUS 336, 360W; 60 units.

A seminar in the use of Bayesian techniques in business decisions. Prerequisite: BUS 336, 360W; 60 units; OR Data Science majors with BUS 360W and 60 units.

Development and use of simulation models as an aid in making complex management decisions. Hands on use of business related tools for computer simulation. Issues related to design and validation of simulation models, the assessment of input data, and the interpretation and use of simulation output. Prerequisite: BUS 336, 360W, 60 units; OR Data Science majors with BUS 360W, 60 units.

Exposes students to the art of using analytic tools from across the spectrum of data mining and modeling to provide powerful competitive advantage in business. Students will learn to recognize when a method should or should not be used, what data is required, and how to use the software tools. Areas covered include database marketing, geospatial marketing and fundamental strategic and tactical decisions such as segmentation, targeting and allocating resources to the marketing mix. Prerequisite: BUS 343, 336, 360W, 60 units; OR Data Science majors with BUS 343, 360W, and 60 units.

Exploration of the entire network of companies that work to design, produce, distribute, service and recycle their goods and services to customers. Efficient flow of information, material and finances along the entire chain allows firms to collaborate in a manner that benefits both corporations and customers. Analysis of the broader supply chain enables improvements in procurement, customer response time, risk sharing, on-time delivery, inventory levels, and transportation and global logistics. Prerequisite: BUS 360W, 336 and 473; 60 units. Students who have taken BUS 490-495 under this topic may not take this course for further credit.

Examines key challenges and opportunities organizations face in integrating sustainable business practices within corporate strategy. Identifies organizational capabilities needed to support existing sustainable commitments and strategies to allow for innovation. Prerequisite: BUS 360W; 90 units. Students with credit for BUS 49X Selected Topics (Sustainable Operations) may not take this course for further credit.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: Will vary according to topic. BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: Will vary according to topic. BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The environment of marketing; relation of social sciences to marketing; evaluation of marketing theory and research; assessment of demand, consumer behavior analysis; market institutions; method and mechanics of distribution in domestic, foreign and overseas markets; sales organization; advertising; new product development, publicity and promotion; marketing programs. Prerequisite: 45 units. Students with credit for COMM 343 may not take this course for further credit.

A course in the management of marketing research. The basics of the design, conduct, and analysis of marketing research studies. Prerequisite: BUS 343, 336; 45 units; OR Data Science majors with BUS 343 and 45 units. Students with credit for BUS 442 may not complete this course for further credit.

A study of the manner in which decisions are made in the market place, by both the ultimate consumer and the industrial buyer. Course will include consideration of consumer decision processes, individual and group influences and special cases such as brand loyalty and consumerism. Prerequisite: BUS 343; 45 units. Students with credit for COMM 347 may not take this course for further credit.

Adopting an experimental approach and being responsive to customer and competitor reactions is an essential skill set to firms and organizations. Situated in the data-rich environment of digital media and channels like websites or search engines, this course is designed to help students develop "probe and learn" skills, which translate beyond web and digital management, and help them acquire hands-on experience in using analytics tools to manage digital marketing campaigns. Prerequisite: BUS 360W, BUS 343; 60 units.

Understand how to develop and launch new products that will be successful with customers. Students will learn to: identify product/service opportunities; generate and evaluate concepts; develop concepts into products; launch new products. Prerequisite: BUS 360W (or another upper division Writing (W) course), 343; 60 units.

This course deals with the marketing of products and services to industrial and other non-consumer sector buyers. The student will be expected to apply previously acquired marketing skills to purchasing situations which arise between organizations. Due to the nature of manufacturing activity in this province, industrial marketing will be approached from a resource industry based standpoint where discussions permit. Prerequisite: BUS 343, 360W; 60 units. Students with credit for BUS 344 may not complete BUS 444 for further credit.

Exposes students to the art of using analytic tools from across the spectrum of data mining and modeling to provide powerful competitive advantage in business. Students will learn to recognize when a method should or should not be used, what data is required, and how to use the software tools. Areas covered include database marketing, geospatial marketing and fundamental strategic and tactical decisions such as segmentation, targeting and allocating resources to the marketing mix. Prerequisite: BUS 343, 336, 360W, 60 units; OR Data Science majors with BUS 343, 360W, and 60 units.

Marketing strategy focuses on the analysis of market problems and opportunities and the development of appropriate strategies. Topics include: analytical techniques, strategic planning methods and managerial problems of planning. Case analysis and problem solving will be the major orientation of the course. Prerequisite: BUS 312, 347, 360W; 60 units.

The marketing of goods and services in an international context, with emphasis on Pacific Rim countries. Theoretical concepts, environmental influences. Researching and forecasting international markets. The management of international marketing. Prerequisite: BUS 343, 360W; 60 units. Recommended: BUS 346.

An integrative approach to the study of promotion including advertising publicity, personal selling and sales promotion; evaluation of the role promotion has in marketing and the economy; formulation and analysis of promotional goals, planning, organizing and controlling; utilization of market research studies; forecasting, budgeting, media selection; promotion institutions. Prerequisite: BUS 347, 360W; 60 units.

A critical examination of topics such as consumerism, marketing ethics, and social responsibility, efficiency of marketing or ecological marketing. The particular emphasis may vary depending on the interests of the class and instructor. Prerequisite: BUS 343, 360W; 60 units.

Designed for students seeking a position in product management, topics include defining the role of the product manager; understanding your product as a business; organizational structures, informal networks and how the influential product manager taps into them; product lifecycles (PLC); building visibility and cross-functional teams; competitor analysis; pricing methods and the 4Ps. Prerequisite: BUS 254, BUS 343, BUS 360W, 90 units. If students took Product & Brand Management as a selected topics (BUS 491, 492, 493, 494, 495, 496) they may not receive further credit for this course.

Increases students' sensitivity to the marketing concepts previously studied as applied to service industries, and familiarizes students with the management problems of service marketing managers. Prerequisite: BUS 343, 347 and 360W; 60 units. Students who have taken BUS 490-495 under the same topic may not take this course for further credit.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: Will vary according to topic. BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: Will vary according to topic. BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

Integration of the various areas of business for the purpose of analysing and recommending strategies for planning and decision-making within the firm and a defined environment. Prerequisite: BUS 207 (or ECON 201 or ECON 301), BUS 312, 343, 360W and either BUS 374 or 381; 90 units.

Critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action. This course builds on the critical thinking process introduced in BUS 217W and explores its use in solving business problems. Prerequisite: 45 units; BUS 217W.

Game theory is the systematic study of the strategic interactions between economic entities. This course introduces students to the basic concepts of game theory in strategic decision making in a business setting. Games with increasing complexity will be analyzed, with the emphasis on developing a student's ability to think analytically and recognize strategic interactions in strategic management scenarios. Prerequisite: 60 units; BUS 207 or ECON 201, BUS 360W.

In today鈥檚 highly dynamic, complex and information-rich business environment, strategic decision-making skills are crucial. Students will learn about the biases and heuristics that are most relevant for strategic decision-making. Students will receive training to raise awareness for and overcome common biases and generate efficiencies in decision-making through leveraging value from heuristics. Students will also experience and learn about strategic decision-making in teams to become inclusive leaders and successful strategists. Prerequisite: 60 units; BUS 360W.

A project study that enables students to work on contemporary business problems, requiring them to apply their foundation knowledge in business and advanced analytical skills. Feasible projects will be identified by the course instructor, in collaboration with the career management office at Beedie. Prerequisite: BUS 360W; 90 units; one of BUS 371, BUS 470 or BUS 471. Corequisite: BUS 478.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: Will vary according to topic. BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: Will vary according to topic. BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

The subject matter will vary from term to term depending upon the interests of faculty and students. Prerequisite: as stated by the faculty at the time of offering and BUS 360W; 60 units.

An introduction to the use and interpretation of statistical analysis in the context of data typical of economic applications. Students with a minimum grade of A- in BUEC 232 or STAT 270 can take BUEC 333 after 30 units. Students seeking permission to enrol based on their BUEC 232 or STAT 270 grade must contact the Undergraduate Advisor in Economics. Prerequisite: ECON 103 or 200; ECON 105 or 205; BUEC 232 or STAT 270; MATH 157; 60 units. Students with credit for ECON/COMM 236 may not take this course for further credit. Quantitative.

Aspects of microeconomic theory concerned with strategic behavior, imperfect information, and market failure. Topics include game theory and oligopoly; uncertainty and insurance; asymmetric information and market power, externalities and public goods, together with related issues in welfare economics. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or 301; 60 Units. Quantitative.

Concepts and methods of analysis of macroeconomic variables -- consumption, investment, government and foreign trade. Classical and Keynesian models compared; analysis of economic statics and dynamics. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or 301, 60 units. Students with a minimum grade of A- in ECON 103 and 105 at 丁香园AV at their first attempt can complete ECON 305 concurrently with ECON 201 after 30 units. Students seeking permission to register on this basis must contact the undergraduate advisor in economics. Quantitative.

The mathematical interpretation of fundamental economic concepts; demand, supply competitive equilibrium . Application of the calculus to production and distribution theory, growth models and investment theory. Differential and difference equations in dynamic economic models. Introduction to activity analysis. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or 301; 60 units. Students with credit for MATH 232, 240 or 251 cannot complete this course for further credit. Quantitative.

Advanced coverage of microeconomic theory for students intending to pursue graduate study in economics. Topics may include general equilibrium, game theory, and asymmetric information. Prerequisite: ECON 302 and 331. Students who have completed both MATH 232 and 251 may substitute these courses for ECON 331. Entry into this course requires a minimum CGPA of 3.0 or permission of the department. Quantitative.

Advanced coverage of macroeconomic theory for students intending to pursue graduate study in economics. Topics may include economic growth, business cycles, and monetary theory. Prerequisite: ECON 302, 305 and 331. Students who have completed both MATH 232 and 251 may substitute them for ECON 331. Entry into this course requires a minimum CGPA of 3.0 or permission of the department. Quantitative.

The application of econometric techniques to the empirical investigation of economic issues. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or 301 and BUEC 333. Entry into this course requires a minimum CGPA of 3.0 or permission of the department. Quantitative.

Preparation for honours research project, including literature review, data collection, ethics approval (if necessary), and presentation of work in progress at end of term. This course is intended for students in the Honours and Joint Honours Programs. Prerequisite: ECON 302, 305 and BUEC 333. A minimum CGPA of 3.0.

Intensive work in a particular topic in the general field of Economics. Involves an extensive individual research project under the direct supervision of the instructor, who will provide guidance and critical feedback as necessary. Presentation of completed project at end of term. Prerequisite: ECON 494. Students with credit for ECON 499 may not repeat this course for further credit. Writing.