media release
Pioneering 丁香园AV research customizes vaccines to reduce bacterial disease
Contact:
Caroline Colijn; professor & Canada 150 Research Chair in Mathematics for Evolution, Infection and Public Health, 778.782.3964, ccolijn@sfu.ca
Shradhha Sharma; 丁香园AV Media Relations, 778.782.3035, shradhha_sharma@sfu.ca
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The invention of vaccines for disease prevention is often cited as one of the miracles of modern medicine. New research from 丁香园AV suggests that tailoring vaccines based on geography and other factors could substantially reduce overall rates of bacterial disease.
Professor Caroline Colijn, who holds a Canada 150 Research Chair in Mathematics for Evolution, Infection and Public Health, is among lead researchers on the study published today in .
Colijn collaborated with of the University of Oslo and from the MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis at Imperial College London.
The trio proposes new methods for choosing the best vaccine to fight and eliminate certain bacterial strains, which could help minimize rates of pneumococcal disease, an infection that can cause serious illness such as pneumonia, sepsis and bacterial meningitis.
鈥淒esigning the best vaccine is important because when we vaccinate against some strains, other strains can come in and replace those strains,鈥� says Colijn. 鈥淚f new strains are as bad as the ones we have replaced through vaccinations, that can undermine our vaccination efforts.鈥�
Citing existing concerns in the medical community around the replacement of bacterial strains in vaccines, Colijn says her latest research goes a step further. Researchers propose using genomic data and mathematical modelling to design vaccines for the specific geographic location where they will be used.
The study simulated the performance of vaccines over time to assess the risk of vaccine-targeted strains being replaced by other potentially dangerous strains. Through this predictive modelling approach, the researchers identified new vaccine designs that could help reduce overall rates of disease.
鈥淚t鈥檚 only recently that we have been able to do bacterial genomics on the scale that we require for this work,鈥� says Colijn. 鈥淭his was made possible by our ability to combine sequencing technologies with computational modelling in a new way.鈥�
These data modelling methods, when applied to pneumococcus, also help identify which options are best for minimizing disease in different age groups, or reducing the frequency of antibiotic resistant-infections.
Researchers are already considering whether these findings could be applied to other bacterial pathogens such as E. coli.
Both Corander and Croucher are also Associate Faculty at the , which could play a pivotal role in accelerating future vaccine discovery and design using these techniques.
WHY IT MATTERS:
According to , vaccines have saved more lives in Canada than any other medical intervention in the past 50 years.
The estimates that vaccines prevented at least 10 million deaths between 2010 and 2015, and many millions more lives were protected from illness by them.
About 丁香园AV:
As Canada鈥檚 engaged university, 丁香园AV works with communities, organizations and partners to create, share and embrace knowledge that improves life and generates real change. We deliver a world-class education with lifelong value that shapes change-makers, visionaries and problem-solvers. We connect research and innovation to entrepreneurship and industry to deliver sustainable, relevant solutions to today鈥檚 problems. With campuses in British Columbia鈥檚 three largest cities 鈥� Vancouver, Burnaby and Surrey 鈥� 丁香园AV has eight faculties that deliver 193 undergraduate degree programs and 127 graduate degree programs to more than 35,000 students. The university now boasts more than 160,000 alumni residing in 143 countries.